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"lead": "Нарушения зрения — снижение способности видеть до такой степени, что вызывает проблемы, не устраняемые обычными способами, такими как очки или лекарства.[1][2][3]\r\n\r\nЭто может быть из-за болезни, травмы, врождённых или дегенеративных заболеваний. Эта потеря зрения, как правило, определяется как:\r\n\r\nОстрота зрения с коррекцией менее 20/60, или значительный дефект центрального поля,\r\nЗначительный одноимённый или разноимённый двусторонний визуальный дефект периферического поля, включающий дефект поля или общее сжатия или сужение поля, или\r\nПониженный пик контрастной чувствительности с любым из указанных выше условий.[1][2][3][4]\r\nГлазные нарушения, которые могут привести к нарушениям зрения могут включать в себя дегенерацию сетчатки, альбинизм, катаракты, глаукомы, мышечные проблемы, которые приводят к нарушениям зрения, расстройства роговицы, диабетическую ретинопатию, врождённые пороки и инфекции. Нарушения зрения также могут быть вызваны расстройствами мозга и нервной системы, в этом случае их, как правило, называют кортикальными нарушениями зрения (CVI). Путеводитель оценки постоянного ухудшения американской медицинской ассоциации попытался представить «стандартизированный, объективный подход к оценке медицинских нарушений». Глава Визуальная система «устанавливает критерии для оценки постоянного ухудшения зрительной системы, как это влияет на способность человека выполнять действия в повседневной жизни».[5] Путеводитель оценил, что потеря одного глаза составляет 25 % нарушений зрительной системы и 24 % от полного обесценивания человека;[5][6]. Полная потеря зрения на оба глаза, как считается, является 100 % нарушением зрения и 85 % от полного обесценивания человека[5]\r\n\r\nВизуальные нарушения наносят значительный экономический удар даже в развитых странах.[7] Значительную часть глобального нарушения зрения можно предупредить.",
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"lead": "Нарушения зрения — снижение способности видеть до такой степени, что вызывает проблемы, не устраняемые обычными способами, такими как очки или лекарства.[1][2][3]\r\n\r\nЭто может быть из-за болезни, травмы, врождённых или дегенеративных заболеваний. Эта потеря зрения, как правило, определяется как:\r\n\r\nОстрота зрения с коррекцией менее 20/60, или значительный дефект центрального поля,\r\nЗначительный одноимённый или разноимённый двусторонний визуальный дефект периферического поля, включающий дефект поля или общее сжатия или сужение поля, или\r\nПониженный пик контрастной чувствительности с любым из указанных выше условий.[1][2][3][4]\r\nГлазные нарушения, которые могут привести к нарушениям зрения могут включать в себя дегенерацию сетчатки, альбинизм, катаракты, глаукомы, мышечные проблемы, которые приводят к нарушениям зрения, расстройства роговицы, диабетическую ретинопатию, врождённые пороки и инфекции. Нарушения зрения также могут быть вызваны расстройствами мозга и нервной системы, в этом случае их, как правило, называют кортикальными нарушениями зрения (CVI). Путеводитель оценки постоянного ухудшения американской медицинской ассоциации попытался представить «стандартизированный, объективный подход к оценке медицинских нарушений». Глава Визуальная система «устанавливает критерии для оценки постоянного ухудшения зрительной системы, как это влияет на способность человека выполнять действия в повседневной жизни».[5] Путеводитель оценил, что потеря одного глаза составляет 25 % нарушений зрительной системы и 24 % от полного обесценивания человека;[5][6]. Полная потеря зрения на оба глаза, как считается, является 100 % нарушением зрения и 85 % от полного обесценивания человека[5]\r\n\r\nВизуальные нарушения наносят значительный экономический удар даже в развитых странах.[7] Значительную часть глобального нарушения зрения можно предупредить.",
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